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Joseph Francis Rinn (1868-1952) was an American magician and skeptic of paranormal phenomena. Rinn grew up in New York City. He was a friend of Harry Houdini and exposed many fraud mediums throughout his career.〔Massimo Polidoro. (2001). ''Final Séance: The Strange Friendship Between Houdini and Conan Doyle''. Prometheus Books. p. 111. ISBN 978-1573928960〕 He was a former one year member of the American Society for Psychical Research and a lifelong inquirer into psychic matters.〔Joseph McCabe. (1920). ''Is Spiritualism based on Fraud?: The Evidence Given by Sir A.C. Doyle and Others Drastically Examined''. London: Watts & CO. p. 128〕 He was a member of the Society of American Magicians. His book ''Searchlight on Psychical Research'' (1954) was described in a review as the "death knell of spiritualism" as it exposed the fraud and tricks involved in spiritualist activities.〔The Month. (1954). Volume 11. Simpkin, Marshall, and Company. p. 189〕 Rinn would offer huge amounts of money, up to $10,000 to anyone who could demonstrate a psychic event; however, as nobody ever did, the money went unclaimed.〔William Seabrook. (1940). ''Witchcraft: Its Power in the World Today''. Harcourt, Brace. p. 373〕 He was friends with another debunker of spiritualism the magician John Mulholland.〔John Mulholland. (1938). ''Beware Familiar Spirits''. C. Scribner's Sons. p. 126. ISBN 978-0684161815〕 Rinn's work in debunking psychic phenomena has been praised by psychologists in the field of anomalistic psychology.〔Andrew Neher. (1980). ''The Psychology of Transcendence''. Prentice-Hall. p. 211. ISBN 978-0486261676〕 ==Publications== *''Searchlight on Psychical Research'' (1954) *''Sixty Years of Psychical Research'' (1950) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joseph Rinn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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